no capital letters

abbreviations/acronyms are transcribed as full words (e.g. ДТП = дэтэпэ)

lower case for all words, even at the beginning of a sentence ==> exceptions: participant code, participant code + _P and symbols like (UNK) etc.

the transcription of the participant speech shall generally take place in accordance to the standard orthographic rules of Russian

but: if the participant articulates utterances or words, which are not typical neither for the standard Russian nor for the oral vernacular language (повседневный язык) of Russian, transcribe it as it was articulated by the participant

Example from USbi52MR_fsR:

Participant: потому что они два два (-) не видели (-) ==> Standard and vernacular Russian: потому что они друг-друга не видели ==> два два is not typical for the standard or oral vernacular Russian ==> Transcription: потому что они два два (-) не видели (-)

Example:

Participant: мужик играл с футболом ==> standard and vernacular Russian: мужик играл с мячом ==> с футболом in this context is not typical neither for the standard nor for the vernacular Russian ==> Transcription: мужик играл с футболом

typical phenomena for standard and vernacular Russian, which shouldn't be transcribed:

• reduced vokals (if it is not a special dialect of Russian)

  Example:

  Participant: ана талкает каляску, а мужык играет смячикам ==> Transcription: она толкает коляску, а мужик играет с мячиком

• so called phonetic words (= words, which are articulated as one word ==> it often concerns prepositions and the following noun)

  Example:

  Participant: он вышел издому ==> Transcription: он вышел из дому

• 1. tier = speaker tier ==> is only used for the transcription of the participant speech; it gets marked with the participant code
• 2. tier = comment tier ==> the comment tier is an optional tier and used for communication between transcribers; later (that means: after the transcription) the comment tier will be deleted

NB:

• 1 independent/main clause (главное предложение) = 1 simple sentence (простое предложение)
• 1 independent clause (главное предложение) + 1 or more dependent clauses (придаточное предложение) = complex sentence (сложноподчинённое предложение)
• 1 independent clause (главное предложение) + 1 or more independent clauses (главное предложение) = compound sentence (сложносочинённое предложение)

hint: an independent clause can always stand alone; a dependent clause should never stand alone, because without its independent clause the dependent clause wouldn't make sense

in addition: a compound sentence can be easily recognized by certain conjunctions, which connect the independent clauses in that type of sentence: these conjunctions are coordinating (соединительный), adversative (противительный) or disjunctive (разделительный) conjunctions (союзы), such as и, но, а, или, либо...либо etc.

dependent clauses in complex sentences can be recognized by conjunctions and relativizers like потому что, когда, что, кто, который, чтобы, так как, но и etc.

the participant speech gets segmented in communication units (CUs)

1 CU correlates with 1 simple sentence or with 1 complex sentence; sentences, which consist of more than 1 independent clause (= compound sentence), are in every case more than 1 CU:

• Simple sentence

  Example from DEbi52FR_isR:

  я стала свидетельницей (-) а: (-) столкновение двух машин | ==> 1 CU

• Complex sentence

  Example from DEbi52FR_isR:

  виноваты были не машины а: (-) один (-) эм мужчина который (-) ну кот/ ещё более такой (-) молодой | ==> 1 CU

• Compound sentence

  Example from DEbi03FR_isR:

  хотела с тобой это поделить | но я была здесь на парковке у реве | ==> 2 CU's

if a compound sentence includes a VP coordination or an ellipsis, such sentence is to be annotated as one CU:

Example:

она вышла из магазина [subject ellipsis] уронила пакет и [subject ellipsis] пошла дальше | ==> 1 CU

discourse marker (ну, ну там, вот, так, как бы, получается, эм, то есть etc.) and the following utterance will be seen as one CU

Example from DEbi03FR_isR:

ну там я предполагаю там ребёнок внутри был | ==> 1 CU

discourse markers (ну, ну там, вот, так, как бы, получается, эм, то есть etc.), which specify the precursory utterance, will be seen as one CU, too

Example from DEbi02FR_fsR:

хм их было трое то есть э маленький ребёнок э: женщина и мужчина | ==> 1 CU ("маленький ребёнок э: женщина и мужчина" is a specification of "трое")

greetings (привет, здравствуйте, здорово, здрасте etc.) will be defined as an extra CU

Example from DEbi03FR_isR:

привет DEbi03FR_P | слушай я сейчас видела здесь такую ситуацию | ==> 2 CU's

question tags such as правда?, или?, правильно?, правильно понял?, не так ли? etc. belong to the previous CU

Example:

ты вася пупкин, правильно | ==> 1 CU

in case you are not sure, make less CU's, to facilitate the SUD annotation

keep in mind, that punctuation marks are not used at all ==> that means: no full stops, no commas etc.

replace the name of the participant with the respective code ==> e.g.: DEbi52FR

if whole names or surnames of the participant’s friends are mentioned, replace them with the participant code + _P

Example from DEbi52FR_isR:

привет DEbi52FR_P

places, that could lead to the identification of the participant, should be replaced as following

Example:

я хожу в Leo-Tolstoi-Schule ==> я хожу в {schoolname}шуле

я живу на улице Шютценштрассе ==> я живу на улице {streetname}штрассе

anonymization in Audacity: the name of the participant should be anonymized with the aid of white noise

hesitation markers do not represent an own event ==> they belong to the concerned CU

Example from DEbi52FR_isR:

я когда шла э: на автобусную остановку (-) эм: ==> 1 CU

general notation:

• m-hm (confirming) = угу
• ehm = эм or э:м
• hm = хм
• eh/uh = э or э:
• ɑha = ага
• ah = а:

• 0.2-1 second ==> (-)
• 1-3 seconds ==> (--)
• longer than 3 seconds ==> time should be measured and noted in brackets ==> e.g.: (3.1), (5.5)

merged forms are transcribed as they are articulated, but with an equal sign linking the merged elements

Example from USbi52MR_fsR:

с одной стороны (-) дороги (-), э, шли муж=женой

general rule: reduced syllables should be transcribed in its full length, even if it was differently articulated

Example:

participant: она токо что шла на улице ==> transcription: она только что шла на улице

exception: if a word can be found with its reduced syllables in a dictionary (e.g. MAC ==> Link ) and the participant articulated the word in its reduced form, then the reduced form of the word should be preferred for transcription

Example:

participant: здрасте ==> transcription: здрасте Link zum MAC

use / to mark unfinished words

Example from DEbi52FR_isR:

сегодня (-) э когда я шла на авто/ астобв/ (-) а (-) автобусную остановку

numbers should be transcribed by words, since Russian numbers are often inclined or morphed

Example:

я вижу двух* женщин*

dates should be transcribed by words, too

Example:

я родился двадцать первого* января тысяча девятьсот девяносто пятого года*

general rule: foreign words should be transcribed into Russian as they are articulated

in addition: for this case exists a special list, where you can search for words like that or add new words Link ==> important: all transcribers have to transcribe these words into Russian eaqually

• Autowerkstatt = аутоверкштат
• Truck = трак
• Ort = орт
• REWE = реве
• Renault = рено
• also = алзо
• OK_ = окe
• WhatsApp = воцап
• {schoolname}schule = {schoolname}шуле
• {streetname}straße = {streetname}штрассе

table for russified lexicals

if already exists a conventionalized spelling in Russian for a foreign word, the conventionalized spelling should be preferred

Example:

Messenger = мессенджер

non-verbal events like laughing or coughing are noted in square brackets on speaker tier and always belong to the concerned CU

general notation

• [throatclearing]
• [coughing]
• [laughing]
• [pfing] ==> for a sound like „pff“
• [sighing]
• [sniffing]
• [tongueclicking] ==> including tsking as disapproval, while thinking and just mouth opening with a click
• [yawning]
• [gulping]
• [whispering]
• [breathing]

if the participant speaks and makes a non-verbal event at the same time, it is noted as:

• [[coughing]word]
• [[laughing]word]
• [[sighing]word]
• [[tisking]word]
• [[yawning]word]
• [[gulping]word]
• [[whispering]word]

Example from DEbi52FR_isR:

ты [[laughing]знаешь] что сегодня случилось

uninterpretable material is to be marked as (UNK) on speaker-tier

if it is not clear, to which CU the UNK belongs, make an own event ==> that means: write the UNK between two boundaries

if the UNK is longer than two seconds, measure the time and write the time together with UNK in one bracket ==> e.g.: (UNK, 2.1)

assumed content is noted in brackets, each token has to be separated ==> e.g.: (assumed) (content)

background noise such as traffic noise, phone ringing or Computer noise should be noted as pauses